Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1, CD31) is a member of the immunoglobulin gene superfamily of cell adhesion molecules. CD31 is a transmembrane glycoprotein that is highly expressed on the surface of the endothelium, making up a large portion of its intracellular junctions. PECAM-1 is also present on the surface of hematopoietic cells and immune cells including platelets, monocytes, neutrophils, natural killer cells, megakaryocytes and some types of T-cell (PMID: 9011572). As well as its role in cell-cell adhesion, PECAM-1 functions as a signaling receptor, and is involved in important physiological events such as nitric oxide production, regulation of T-cell immunity and tolerance, leukocyte transendothelial migration and inflammation and angiogenesis (PMID: 21183735; 20978210; 17872453; 20634489)
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