Background: CD138, also designated syndecan-1, is a member of the syndecan family of four transmembrane spanning proteins capable of binding to heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate molecules. The syndecans’ main functions are to control cell growth and differentiation as well as to maintain cell adhesion and cell migration.
Under normal conditions CD138 is predominantly expressed on mature plasma cells and early preB-cells, while other haematolymphoid cells are negative. Various types of epithelial cells are also CD138 positive. Squamous epithelial cells show strong membranous and some cytoplasmic staining, except for the mature superficial squamous epithelial cells which are unstained. Mature mesenchymal and neural tissues are not stained. Among haematolymphoid neoplasms, CD138 is expressed in practically all cases of plasma cell malignancies. Among nonhaematolymphoid neoplasms the expression of CD138 is found in various types of carcinoma. In the following, the large majority of cases is CD138 positive: skinsquamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma, colorectal adenocarcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, transitional cell carcinoma, endometrial adenocarcinoma, ductaland lobular breast carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, and lung adenocarcinoma. CD138 is a very sensitive and specific marker for identification of plasma cells and plasma cell differentiation within haematolymphoid tissues in benign and neoplastic conditions.
Subcellular location: Membrane Recommended method: Heat induced epitope retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0), primary antibody incubate at RT (18°C-25°C) for 30 minutes. Immunogen: Synthetic peptide corresponding to CD138 residues within aa200-300 of CD138 was used as an immunogen. Storage Buffer: PBS 59%, Sodium azide 0.01%, Glycerol 40%, BSA 0.05%. Storage conditions: -25°C to -18°C Storage instructions: Shipped on blue ice. Upon delivery, aliquot, and store at -25°C to -18°C. Avoid freeze / thaw cycles. Recommended Dilutions: IHC-P: 1:100-1:200 Background References: 1. Nunez AL, et.al, Am J Clin Pathol. 2012 Mar;137(3):423- 8. 2. O’Connell FP, et.al, Am J Clin Pathol. 2004 Feb;121(2):254-63. Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections analysis of plasmacytoma tissue labelling CD138 with BP6035. Heat mediated antigen retrieval was performed using Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0
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